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for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. ________________general description the MAX4240?ax4244 family of micropower op amps operate from a single +1.8v to +5.5v supply or dual ?.9v to ?.75v supplies and have beyond-the-rails inputs and rail-to-rail output capabilities. these amplifiers provide a 90khz gain-bandwidth product while using only 10? of supply current per amplifier. the max4241/max4243 have a low-power shutdown mode that reduces supply current to less than 1? and forces the output into a high-impedance state. although the minimum operating voltage is specified at +1.8v, these devices typically operate down to +1.5v. the combination of ultra-low-voltage operation, beyond-the- rails inputs, rail-to-rail outputs, and ultra-low power con- sumption makes these devices ideal for any portable/ two-cell battery-powered system. these amplifiers have an input common-mode range that extends 200mv beyond each rail, and their outputs typically swing to within 9mv of the rails with a 100k load. beyond-the-rails input and rail-to-rail output char- acteristics allow the full power-supply voltage to be used for signal range. the combination of low input off- set voltage, low input bias current, and high open-loop gain makes them suitable for low-power/low-voltage precision applications. the MAX4240 is offered in a space-saving 5-pin sot23 package. all specifications are guaranteed over the -40? to +85? extended temperature range. ________________________applications two-cell battery- strain gauges powered systems sensor amplifiers portable/battery-powered cellular phones electronic equipment notebook computers digital scales pdas ____________________________featur es ? ultra-low-voltage operation: guaranteed down to +1.8v typical operation to +1.5v ? ultra-low power consumption: 10? supply current per amplifier 1? shutdown mode (max4241/max4243) up to 200,000 hours operation from two aa alkaline cells ? beyond-the-rails input common-mode range ? outputs swing rail-to-rail ? no phase reversal for overdriven inputs ? 200? input offset voltage ? unity-gain stable for capacitive loads up to 200pf ? 90khz gain-bandwidth product ? available in space-saving 5-pin sot23 and 8-pin ?ax packages MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10?, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 v ee in-in+ 15 v cc out MAX4240 sot23-5 top view 2 34 _________________pin configurations 19-1343; rev 1; 10/03 part MAX4240 euk-t max4241 eua max4241esa -40? to +85? -40? to +85? -40? to +85? temp range pin- package 5 sot23-5 8 ?ax 8 so _______________or dering infor mation pin configurations continued at end of data sheet. _____________________selector guide no. of amps pin-package MAX4240 1 5-pin sot23 max4241 1 8-pin ?ax/so part max4242 2 8-pin ?ax/so shutdown yes max4243 2 10-pin ?ax, 14-pin so max4244 4 14-pin so yes beyond-the-rails is a trademark of maxim integrated products. rail-to-rail is a registered trademark of nippon motorola ltd. max4242 eua max4242esa max4243 eub -40? to +85? -40? to +85? -40? to +85? 8 ?ax 8 so 10 ?ax max4243esd max4244 esd -40? to +85? -40? to +85? 14 so 14 so sot top mark accs
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings electrical characteristics (v cc = +1.8v to +5.5v, v ee = 0, v cm = 0, v out = v cc / 2, r l = 100k tied to v cc / 2, shdn = v cc , t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. supply voltage (v cc to v ee ) ....................................................6v all other pins ...................................(v cc + 0.3v) to (v ee - 0.3v) output short-circuit duration (to v cc or v ee )............continuous continuous power dissipation (t a = +70 c) 5-pin sot23 (derate 7.1mw/? above +70 c) .............571mw 8-pin ?ax (derate 4.1mw/? above +70 c) ..............330mw 8-pin so (derate 5.88mw/? above +70 c) .................471mw 10-pin ?ax (derate 5.6mw/? above +70 c) ............444mw 14-pin so (derate 8.33mw/? above +70 c) ...............667mw operating temperature range ...........................-40? to +85? junction temperature ......................................................+150? storage temperature range .............................-65? to +160? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) ................................. +300? parameter symbol min typ max units input bias current i b ? 6 na conditions input offset voltage v os 0.20 ?.75 mv max4241esa (v ee - 0.2v) v cm (v cc + 0.2v) ?.25 ?.40 MAX4240euk/max424_eua/ max4243eub 0.20 ?.88 max4242esa/max4243esd/ max4244esd supply current per amplifier i cc 10 12 a v cc = 1.8v shdn = v cc 14 18 v cc = 5.0v 2.0 3.0 v cc = 5.0v shutdown supply current (note 2) i cc( shdn ) 1.0 1.5 ? v cc = 1.8v shdn = v ee supply-voltage range v cc 1.8 5.5 v inferred from psrr test (note 3) (note 3) input offset current i os 0.5 ?.5 na v in+ - v in- < 1.0v differential input resistance r in(diff) 45 m v in+ - v in- > 2.5v 4.4 k inferred from the cmrr test input common-mode voltage range v cm v ee - 0.2 v cc + 0.2 v v cc = 1.8v common-mode rejection ratio (note 4) cmrr 72 90 db max4241esa 69 90 max4242esa/max4243esd/ max4244esd 63 88 MAX4240euk/max424_eua/ max4243eub v cc = 5.0v 74 94 max4241esa 74 94 max4242esa/max4243esd/ max4244esd 69 90 MAX4240euk/max424_eua/ max4243eub
single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 electrical characteristics (continued) (v cc = +1.8v to +5.5v, v ee = 0, v cm = 0, v out = v cc / 2, r l = 100k tied to v cc / 2, shdn = v cc , t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) channel-to-channel isolation (note 6) ch iso 80 db specified at dc phase margin f m 68 degrees gain margin g m 18 db slew rate sr 40 v/ms shdn input bias current (note 2) i ih , i il 40 80 na shdn = v cc = 5.5v or shdn = v ee = 0 shdn logic low (note 2) v il 0.3 x v cc v 6 15 parameter symbol min typ max units 23 35 specified as v ee - v ol output voltage swing low 10 20 v ol 40 60 mv v cc = 5.0v r l = 10k r l = 100k r l = 100k v cc = 1.8v r l = 10k 8 20 40 65 specified as v cc - v oh output voltage swing high 10 25 76 85 v oh 66 73 60 95 mv v cc = 5.0v r l = 10k 2.5 ma shdn logic high (note 2) v ih 0.7 x v cc v (v ee + 0.2v) v out (v cc - 0.2v) large-signal voltage gain 86 94 a vol 78 85 db r l = 100k r l = 100k conditions sinking v cc = 1.8v r l = 10k v cc = 5.0v r l = 10k r l = 100k r l = 100k r l = 10k v cc = 1.8v gain-bandwidth product gbw 90 khz power-supply rejection ratio psrr 77 85 db max4241esa 1.8v v cc 5.5v MAX4240?ax4244 75 82 MAX4240euk/max424_eua/ max4243eub 77 85 max4242esa/max4243esd/ max4244esd output leakage current in shutdown (notes 2, 5) i out( shdn ) 20 50 na shdn = v ee = 0, v cc = 5.5v output short-circuit current i out(sc) sourcing 0.7
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ enable time from shutdown t enable 150 input voltage noise density e n 70 nv/ hz input current noise density i n 0.05 pa/ hz capacitive-load stability 200 pf shutdown time t shdn 50 s s power-up time t on 200 ? input capacitance c in 3 pf f = 1khz f = 1khz a vcl = +1v/v, no sustained oscillations parameter symbol min typ max units total harmonic distortion thd 0.05 % settling time to 0.01% t s conditions 50 s f in = 1khz, v cc = 5.0v, v out = 2vp-p, a v = +1v/v a v = +1v/v, v cc = 5.0v, v out = 2v step electrical characteristics (continued) (v cc = +1.8v to +5.5v, v ee = 0, v cm = 0, v out = v cc / 2, r l = 100k tied to v cc / 2, shdn = v cc , t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) electrical characteristics (v cc = +1.8v to +5.5v, v ee = 0, v cm = 0, v out = v cc / 2, r l = 100k tied to v cc / 2, shdn = v cc , t a = t min to t max , unless oth- erwise noted.) (note 1) shdn = v cc 1.2 inferred from psrr test inferred from the cmrr test (note 3) conditions max4241esa (v ee - 0.2v) v cm (v cc + 0.2v) mv v os input offset voltage ? 19 i cc shdn = v ee 14 v 1.8 5.5 v cc supply-voltage range supply current per amplifier v -0.2 v cc + 0.2 v cm input common-mode voltage range ?/? 2 tc vos input offset voltage drift na ? i os input offset current units min typ max symbol parameter ? 3.5 i cc( shdn ) 2.0 shutdown supply current (note 2) v cc = 1.8v v cc = 5.0v v cc = 1.8v v cc = 5.0v (note 3) na 15 i b input bias current ?.3 max4242esa/max4243esd/ max4244esd 2.0 MAX4240euk/max424_eua/ max4243eub
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 electrical characteristics (v cc = +1.8v to +5.5v, v ee = 0, v cm = 0, v out = v cc / 2, r l = 100k tied to v cc / 2, shdn = v cc , t a = t min to t max , unless oth- erwise noted.) (note 1) 65 max4242esa/max4243esd/ max4244esd 65 shdn = v ee = 0, v cc = 5.5v r l = 10k 61 conditions MAX4240euk/max424_eua/ max4243eub max4241esa v cc = 1.8v db cmrr common-mode rejection ratio (note 4) na 100 i out( shdn ) output leakage current in shutdown (notes 2, 5) 72 units min typ max symbol parameter r l = 100k db 72 a vol large-signal voltage gain 71 max4242esa/max4243esd/ max4244esd 71 67 MAX4240euk/max424_eua/ max4243eub max4241esa v cc = 5.0v 73 max4242esa/max4243esd/ max4244esd 73 71 MAX4240euk/max424_eua/ max4243eub max4241esa 1.8v v cc 5.5v db psrr power-supply rejection ratio r l = 100k 80 r l = 10k 62 (v ee + 0.2v) v out (v cc - 0.2v) v cc = 1.8v v cc = 5.0v r l = 100k mv 25 v oh output voltage swing high r l = 100k 30 r l = 10k v cc = 1.8v r l = 10k 95 v cc = 5.0v specified as v cc - v oh 145 r l = 100k mv 20 v ol output voltage swing low r l = 100k 25 r l = 10k v cc = 1.8v r l = 10k 50 v cc = 5.0v specified as v ee - v ol 75 v 0.3 x v cc v il shdn logic low (note 2)
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ electrical characteristics (continued) (v cc = +1.8v to +5.5v, v ee = 0, v cm = 0, v out = v cc / 2, r l = 100k tied to v cc / 2, shdn = v cc , t a = t min to t max , unless oth - erwise noted.) (note 1) note 1: the MAX4240euk, max4241eua, max4242eua, and max4243eub specifications are 100% tested at t a = +25 c. all temperature limits are guaranteed by design. note 2: shutdown mode applies to the max4241/max4243 only. note 3: input bias current and input offset current are tested with v cc = +5.0v and 0 v cm 5.0v. note 4: tested over the specified input common-mode range. note 5: tested for 0 v out v cc . does not include current through external feedback network. note 6: channel-to-channel isolation specification applies to the max4242/max4243/max4244 only. shdn logic high (note 2) v ih 0.7 x v cc v shdn input bias current (note 2) i ih , i il 120 na shdn = v cc = 5.5v or shdn = v ee = 0 parameter symbol min typ max units conditions 20 0 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 supply current per amplifier vs. temperature 6 4 2 16 14 18 MAX4240/44-01 temperature (?) supply current ( m a) 0 60 10 8 12 80 v cc = +5.5v v cc = +1.8v 5 0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 100 shutdown supply current per amplifier vs. temperature 1 4 MAX4240/44-02 temperature (?) shutdown supply current ( m a) 60 2 3 80 v cc = +5.5v v cc = +1.8v 1.8 1.0 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 minimum operating voltage vs. temperature 1.2 1.1 1.6 1.7 MAX4240/44-03 temperature (?) v cc (v) 0 60 1.4 1.3 1.5 80 psrr 3 80db __________________________________________ t ypical operating characteristics (v cc = +5.0v, v ee = 0, v cm = v cc / 2, v s hdn = v cc , r l = 100k to v cc / 2, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) 400 0 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 input offset voltage vs. temperature 100 300 MAX4240/44-04 temperature (?) input offset voltage ( m v) 0 60 200 80 0 -4 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 input bias current vs. temperature -3 -1 MAX4240/44-05 temperature (?) input bias current (na) 0 60 -2 80 v cm = 0 v cc = +1.8v v cc = +5.5v 5.0 -5.0 -0.2 0.2 0.6 1.0 1.4 input bias current vs. common-mode voltage (v cc = 1.8v) -2.5 2.5 MAX4240/44-06a v cm (v) i bias (na) 0 1.8 v cc = +1.8v
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 5.0 -5.0 -0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 input bias current vs. common-mode voltage (v cc = 5.5v) -2.5 2.5 MAX4240/44-06b v cm (v) i bias (na) 0 5.5 v cc = +5.5v 120 0 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 output swing high vs. temperature 20 100 80 MAX4240/44-07 temperature (?) voltage from v cc (mv) 0 60 60 40 80 v cc = +1.8v, r l = 10k w r l to v ee v cc = +5.5v, r l = 20k w v cc = +5.5v, r l = 100k w v cc = +1.8v, r l = 100k w 120 0 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 output swing low vs. temperature 20 100 80 MAX4240/44-08 temperature (?) voltage from v ee (mv) 0 60 60 40 80 v cc = +1.8v, r l = 10k w v cc = +5.5v, r l = 20k w v cc = +5.5v, r l = 100k w v cc = +1.8v, r l = 100k w r l to v cc -80 -100 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 common-mode rejection vs. temperature -95 -85 MAX4240/44-09 temperature (?) common-mode rejection (db) 0 60 -90 80 v cc = +1.8v v cc = +5.5v 100 110 0 100 200 300 400 open-loop gain vs. output swing low (v cc = +5.5v, r l tied to v ee ) 50 40 90 80 MAX4240/44-12 d v out (mv) gain (db) 70 60 r l = 100k w r l = 20k w 100 30 0 100 300 500 open-loop gain vs. output swing low (v cc = +1.8v, r l tied to v ee ) 50 40 90 80 MAX4240/44-10 d v out (mv) gain (db) 200 400 70 60 r l = 100k w r l = 10k w 100 30 0 100 300 500 open-loop gain vs. output swing high (v cc = +1.8v, r l tied to v ee ) 50 40 90 80 MAX4240/44-11 d v out (mv) gain (db) 200 400 70 60 r l = 100k w r l = 10k w 100 110 0 100 200 300 400 open-loop gain vs. output swing high (v cc = +5.5v, r l tied to v ee ) 50 40 90 80 MAX4240/44-13 d v out (mv) gain (db) 70 60 r l = 20k w r l = 100k w 110 70 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 open-loop gain vs. temperature 75 80 105 100 95 MAX4240/44-14 temperature (?) gain (db) 0 60 90 85 80 v cc = +5.5v, r l = 20k w to v cc v cc = +5.5v, r l = 20k w to v ee v cc = +1.8v, r l = 10k w to v ee v cc = +1.8v, r l = 10k w to v cc ___________________________________ _ t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +5.0v, v ee = 0, v cm = v cc / 2, v s hdn = v cc , r l = 100k to v cc / 2, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ _ t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +5.0v, v ee = 0, v cm = v cc / 2, v s hdn = v cc , r l = 100k to v cc / 2, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) 110 70 -60 -40 -20 20 40 100 open-loop gain vs. temperature 75 80 105 100 95 MAX4240/44-15 temperature (?) gain (db) 0 60 90 85 80 v cc = +5.5v, r l to v cc v cc = +5.5v, r l to v ee v cc = +1.8v, r l to v cc v cc = +1.8v, r l to v ee 60 -40 10 100 1k 10k 100k gain and phase vs. frequency (c l = 0pf) -20 -30 MAX4240/44-16 frequency (hz) gain (db) 0 -10 20 10 30 40 50 180 -180 -108 -144 phase (degrees) -36 -72 36 0 72 108 144 a v = +1000v/v 60 -40 10 100 1k 10k 100k gain and phase vs. frequency (c l = 100pf) -20 -30 MAX4240/44-17 frequency (hz) gain (db) 0 -10 20 10 30 40 50 180 -180 -108 -144 phase (degrees) -36 -72 36 0 72 108 144 a v = +1000v/v -60 -110 10 1k 10k 100 max4242/max4243/max4244 crosstalk vs. frequency -100 MAX4240/44-18 frequency (hz) gain (db) -90 -80 -70 r l = 10k w 1 0.01 1 1000 100 10 total harmonic distortion plus noise vs. frequency 0.1 MAX4240/44-19 frequency (hz) thd + noise (%) r l = 10k w r l = 100k w 1000 10 0 250 500 1000 load resistor vs. capacitive load MAX4240/44-20 c load (pf) r load (k w ) 750 100 10% overshoot region of marginal stability region of stable operation 10 m s/div small-signal transient response (noninverting) MAX4240/44-21 50mv/div 100mv 100mv in out 0v 0v 10 m s/div small-signal transient response (inverting) MAX4240/44-22 50mv/div 100mv 100mv in out 0v 0v
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 ______________________________________________________________ pin description amplifier output. high impedance when in shutdown mode. out 1 6 4 4 4 4 11 negative supply. tie to ground for single- supply operation. v ee 2 3 2 inverting input in- 4 noninverting input in+ 3 7 10 8 14 4 1, 5 5, 7, 8, 10 no connection. not internally connected. n.c. 8 positive supply v cc 5 1, 9 1, 7 1, 13 1, 7 outputs for amplifiers a and b. high imped - ance when in shutdown mode. outa, outb shutdown input. drive high, or tie to v cc for normal operation. drive to v ee to place device in shutdown mode. shdn 2, 8 2, 6 2, 12 2, 6 3, 7 3, 5 3, 11 3, 5 noninverting inputs to amplifiers a and b ina+, inb+ 5, 6 inverting inputs to amplifiers a and b ina-, inb- 6, 9 8, 14 outputs for amplifiers c and d outc, outd shutdown inputs for amplifiers a and b. drive high, or tie to v cc for normal operation. drive to v ee to place device in shutdown mode. shdna , shdnb 9, 13 10, 12 noninverting inputs to amplifiers c and d inc+, ind+ inverting inputs to amplifiers c and d inc-, ind- 100 m s/div large-signal transient response (noninverting) MAX4240/44-23 2v/div 4.5v 0.5v 4.5v in 0.5v out pin max4243 max4244 max4241 max max4242 so MAX4240 function name ___________________________________ _ t ypical operating characteristics (continued) (v cc = +5.0v, v ee = 0, v cm = v cc / 2, v s hdn = v cc , r l = 100k to v cc / 2, t a = +25 c, unless otherwise noted.) 100 m s/div large-signal transient response (inverting) MAX4240/44-24 2v/div +2v -2v -2v +2v in out
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ _______________ detailed description beyond-the-rails input stage the MAX4240?ax4244 have beyond-the-rails inputs and rail-to-rail output stages that are specifically designed for low-voltage, single-supply operation. the input stage consists of separate npn and pnp differen - tial stages, which operate together to provide a com - mon-mode range extending to 200mv beyond both supply rails. the crossover region of these two pairs occurs halfway between v cc and v ee . the input offset voltage is typically 200 v. low operating supply voltage, low supply current, beyond-the-rails common-mode input range, and rail-to-rail outputs make this family of operational amplifiers an excellent choice for precision or general-purpose, low-voltage battery-powered systems. since the input stage consists of npn and pnp pairs, the input bias current changes polarity as the common- mode voltage passes through the crossover region. match the effective impedance seen by each input to reduce the offset error caused by input bias currents flowing through external source impedances (figures 1a and 1b). the combination of high source impedance plus input capacitance (amplifier input capacitance plus stray capacitance) creates a parasitic pole that produces an underdamped signal response. reducing input capacitance or placing a small capacitor across the feedback resistor improves response in this case. the MAX4240?ax4244 family? inputs are protected from large differential input voltages by internal 2.2k series resistors and back-to-back triple-diode stacks across the inputs (figure 2). for differential input volt - ages (much less than 1.8v), input resistance is typically 45m . for differential input voltages greater than 1.8v, input resistance is around 4.4k , and the input bias current can be approximated by the following equation: i bias = (v diff - 1.8v) / 4.4k r3 v in r3 = r1 r2 r1 r2 MAX4240 max4241 max4242 max4243 max4244 figure 1a. minimizing offset error due to input bias current (noninverting) r3 r3 = r1 r2 r1 r2 MAX4240 max4241 max4242 max4243 max4244 v in figure 1b. minimizing offset error due to input bias current (inverting) 2.2k 2.2k in- in+ figure 2. input protection circuit
in the region where the differential input voltage approaches 1.8v, the input resistance decreases expo- nentially from 45m to 4.4k as the diode block begins conducting. conversely, the bias current increases with the same curve. rail-to-rail output stage the MAX4240?ax4244 output stage can drive up to a 10k load and still swing to within 40mv of the rails. figure 3 shows the output voltage swing of a MAX4240 configured as a unity-gain buffer, powered from a single +2v supply voltage. the output for this setup typically swings from (v ee + 6mv) to (v cc - 8mv) with a 100k load. __________ applications infor mation power-supply considerations the MAX4240?ax4244 operate from a single +1.8v to +5.5v supply (or dual ?.9v to ?.75v supplies) and consume only 10a of supply current per amplifier. a high power-supply rejection ratio of 85db allows the amplifiers to be powered directly off a decaying battery voltage, simplifying design and extending battery life. the MAX4240?ax4244 are ideally suited for use with most battery-powered systems. table 1 lists a variety of typical battery types showing voltage when fresh, volt- age at end-of-life, capacity, and approximate operating time from a MAX4240/max4241, assuming nominal conditions for both normal and shutdown modes. although the amplifiers are fully guaranteed over tem- perature for operation down to a +1.8v single supply, even lower-voltage operation is possible in practice. figures 4 and 5 show the psrr and supply current as a function of supply voltage and temperature. power-up settling time the MAX4240?ax4244 typically require 200? to power up after v cc is stable. during this start-up time, the output is indeterminant. the application circuit should allow for this initial delay. shutdown mode the max4241 (single) and max4243 (dual) feature a low-power shutdown mode. when the shutdown pin ( shdn ) is pulled low, the supply current drops to 1a per amplifier, the amplifier is disabled, and the outputs enter a high-impedance state. pulling shdn high or leaving it floating enables the amplifier. take care to ensure that parasitic leakage current at the shdn pin does not inadvertently place the part into shutdown mode when shdn is left floating. figure 6 shows the output voltage response to a shutdown pulse. the logic threshold for shdn is always referred to v cc / 2 (not to MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 1v/div out in 1v/div MAX4240-44 fig03 200 m s/div r l = 100k w tied to v ee v in = 2.0v f in = 1khz figure 3. rail-to-rail input/output voltage range 100 60 1.0 1.2 2.0 70 90 MAX4240-44 fig04 supply voltage (v) psrr (db) 1.4 1.6 80 1.8 t a = +85? t a = +25? t a = -40? figure 4. power-supply rejection ratio vs. supply voltage 12 0 1.0 1.2 2.0 2 4 10 MAX4240-44 fig05 supply voltage (v) supply current ( m a) 1.4 1.6 6 8 1.8 t a = +85? t a = +25? t a = -40? figure 5. supply current vs. supply voltage
MAX4240?ax4244 gnd). when using dual supplies, pull shdn to v ee to enter shutdown mode. load-driving capability the MAX4240?ax4244 are fully guaranteed over tem - perature and supply voltage to drive a maximum resis - tive load of 10k to v cc / 2, although heavier loads can be driven in many applications. the rail-to-rail output stage of the amplifier can be modeled as a current source when driving the load toward v cc , and as a cur - rent sink when driving the load toward v ee . the magni - tude of this current source/sink varies with supply voltage, ambient temperature, and lot-to-lot variations of the units. figures 7a and 7b show the typical current source and sink capability of the MAX4240?ax4244 family as a function of supply voltage and ambient temperature. the contours on the graph depict the output current single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ MAX4240-44 fig06 200 m s/div 5v/div 1v/div shdn out v in = 2v r l = 100k w tied to v ee figure 6. shutdown enable/disable output voltage 1200 0 -60 -40 -20 100 200 400 1000 MAX4240-44 fig07a temperature (?) output source current ( m a) 0 40 20 600 800 80 60 v cc = 5.5v, v oh = 200mv v cc = 5.5v, v oh = 100mv v cc = 1.8v, v oh = 50mv v cc = 5.5v, v oh = 50mv v cc = 1.8v, v oh = 200mv v cc = 1.8v, v oh = 100mv figure 7a. output source current vs. temperature 3000 0 -60 -40 -20 100 500 1000 2500 MAX4240-44 fig07b temperature (?) output sink current ( m a) 0 40 20 1500 2000 80 60 v cc = 5.5v, v ol = 200mv v cc = 1.8v, v ol = 200mv v cc = 5.5v, v ol = 100mv v cc = 1.8v, v ol = 50mv v cc = 5.5v, v ol = 50mv v cc = 1.8v, v ol = 100mv figure 7b. output sink current vs. temperature table 1. MAX4240/max4241 characteristics with typical battery systems rechargeable v end-of-life (v) alkaline (2 cells) no 3.0 nickel- cadmium (2 cells) yes 1.8 battery type lithium-ion (1 cell) yes 2.4 nickel-metal- hydride (2 cells) yes 1.8 v fresh (v) 3.5 2.7 2.4 1.8 capacity, aa size (ma-h) 2000 750 1000 1000 MAX4240/max4241 operating time in normal mode (hours) 200,000 75,000 100,000 100,000 max4241 operating time in shutdown mode (hours) 2 x 10 6 0.75 x 10 6 10 6 10 6
value, based on driving the output voltage to within 50mv, 100mv, and 200mv of either power-supply rail. for example, a max4241 running from a single +1.8v supply, operating at t a = +25 c, can source 240 a to within 100mv of v cc and is capable of driving a 7k w load resistor to v ee : the same application can drive a 3.3k load resistor when terminated in v cc / 2 (+0.9v in this case). driving capacitive loads the MAX4240?ax4244 are unity-gain stable for loads up to 200pf (see load resistor vs. capacitive load graph in typical operating characteristics ). applica- tions that require greater capacitive drive capability should use an isolation resistor between the output and the capacitive load (figure 8). note that this alternative results in a loss of gain accuracy because r iso forms a voltage divider with the load resistor. power-supply bypassing and layout the MAX4240?ax4244 family operates from either a single +1.8v to +5.5v supply or dual 0.9v to 2.75v supplies. for single-supply operation, bypass the power supply with a 100nf capacitor to v ee (in this case gnd). for dual-supply operation, both the v cc and v ee supplies should be bypassed to ground with separate 100nf capacitors. good pc board layout techniques optimize perfor - mance by decreasing the amount of stray capacitance at the op amp? inputs and output. to decrease stray capacitance, minimize trace lengths by placing exter - nal components as close as possible to the op amp. surface-mount components are an excellent choice. r = 1.8v - 0.1v 240 a 7k to v l ee m = w MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 r iso c l r l MAX4240 max4241 max4242 max4243 max4244 a v = r l ? 1 r l + r iso figure 8a using a resistor to isolate a capacitive load from the op amp 50mv/div in out 50mv/div MAX4240-44 fig08b 100 m s/div r iso = none, r l = 100k w , c l = 700pf figure 8b. pulse response without isolating resistor 50mv/div in out 50mv/div MAX4240-44 fig08c 100 m s/div r iso = 1k w , r l = 100k w , c l = 700pf figure 8c. pulse response with isolating resistor
MAX4240?ax4244 using the MAX4240?ax4244 as comparators although optimized for use as operational amplifiers, the MAX4240?ax4244 can also be used as rail-to-rail i/o comparators. typical propagation delay depends on the input overdrive voltage, as shown in figure 9. external hysteresis can be used to minimize the risk of output oscillation. the positive feedback circuit, shown in figure 10, causes the input threshold to change when the output voltage changes state. the two thresh - olds create a hysteresis band that can be calculated by the following equations: v hyst = v hi - v lo v lo = v in x r2 / (r1 + (r1 x r2 / r hyst ) + r2) v hi = [(r2 / r1 x v in ) + (r2 / r hyst ) x v cc ] / (1 + r1 / r2 + r2 / r hyst ) the MAX4240?ax4244 contain special circuitry to boost internal drive currents to the amplifier output stage. this maximizes the output voltage range over which the amplifiers are linear. in an open-loop com - parator application, the excursion of the output voltage is so close to the supply rails that the output stage tran - sistors will saturate, causing the quiescent current to increase from the normal 10 a. typical quiescent cur - rents increase to 35 a for the output saturating at v cc and 28 a for the output at v ee . using the MAX4240?ax4244 as ultra-low-power current monitors the MAX4240?ax4244 are ideal for applications powered from a 2-cell battery stack. figure 11 shows an application circuit in which the MAX4240 is used for monitoring the current of a 2-cell battery stack. in this circuit, a current load is applied, and the voltage drop at the battery terminal is sensed. the voltage on the load side of the battery stack is equal to the voltage at the emitter of q1, due to the feedback loop containing the op amp. as the load cur - rent increases, the voltage drop across r1 and r2 increases. thus, r2 provides a fraction of the load cur - rent (set by the ratio of r1 and r2) that flows into the emitter of the pnp transistor. neglecting pnp base cur - rent, this current flows into r3, producing a ground-ref - erenced voltage proportional to the load current. scale r1 to give a voltage drop large enough in comparison to v os of the op amp, in order to minimize errors. the output voltage of the application can be calculated using the following equation: v out = [i load x (r1 / r2)] x r3 for a 1v output and a current load of 50ma, the choice of resistors can be r1 = 2 , r2 = 100k , r3 = 1m . the circuit consumes less power (but is more suscepti - ble to noise) with higher values of r1, r2, and r3. single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps 14 ______________________________________________________________________________________ r2 r1 v in output input v oh v ol v ee v cc v out r hyst v ee MAX4240 max4241 max4242 max4243 max4244 hysteresis v lo v oh v hi figure 10. hysteresis comparator circuit 10,000 10 0 20 30 10 100 100 1000 MAX4240-44 fig09 v od (mv) t pd ( m s) 40 50 60 70 80 90 t pd -; v cc = +5v t pd +; v cc = +1.8v t pd -; v cc = +1.8v t pd +; v cc = +5v figure 9. propagation delay vs. input overdrive
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 _____________________________________________ pin configurations (continued) out n.c. v ee 1 2 8 7 shdn v cc in- in+ n.c. so/ m max top view 3 4 6 5 max4241 inb- inb+ v ee 1 2 8 7 v cc outb ina- ina+ outa so/ m max 3 4 6 5 max4242 1 2 3 4 5 10 9 8 7 6 v cc outb inb- inb+ v ee ina+ ina- outa max4243 m max shdnb shdna 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 outd ind- ind+ v ee v cc ina+ ina- outa max4244 inc+ inc- outc outb inb- inb+ so 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 v cc outb inb- inb+ v ee ina+ ina- outa max4243 n.c. shdnb n.c. n.c. shdna n.c. so r1 i load r2 v cc v ee r3 v out q1 MAX4240 figure 11. current monitor for a 2-cell battery stack MAX4240/max4241 transistor count: 234 max4242/max4243 transistor count: 466 max4244 transistor count: 932 substrate connected to v ee ___________________ chip infor mation
MAX4240?ax4244 single/dual/quad, +1.8v/10 a, sot23, beyond-the-rails op amps maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 16 ____________________ maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 2003 maxim integrated products printed usa is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products. p d e f w p 2 p 0 d 1 a 0 b 0 k 0 t ?.102 ?.102 a 0 b 0 d d 1 3.200 3.099 1.499 0.991 ?.102 ?.051 ?.102 ?.102 1.753 3.505 1.397 3.988 e f k 0 p +0.102 +0.000 note: dimensions are in mm. and follow eia481-1 standard. +0.305 -0.102 +0.254 +0.000 p 0 3.988 ?.102 p 0 10 40.005 ?.203 p 2 2.007 ?.051 t 0.254 ?.127 w 8.001 5 sot23-5 (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline inf o rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) sot-23 5l .eps e 1 1 21-0057 package outline, sot-23, 5l __________________________________________________tape-and-reel information ________________________________________________ _________package info rmation

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